Quiz · Medium
A quiz on the big turning points of AP World History, from the Mongols and Mali to decolonization and the end of the Cold War.
How did the Mongol Empire affect trade across Eurasia in the 13th and 14th centuries?
It closed the Silk Roads to protect Chinese silk producers
It replaced overland trade with Indian Ocean routes
It made Silk Road travel safer and more connected (the Pax Mongolica)
It banned foreign merchants from its territory
Unified Mongol rule protected merchants and envoys like Marco Polo. The same connections also helped spread the Black Death in the 1340s.
Mansa Musa's famous pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324 displayed the wealth of which West African empire?
Ghana
Mali
Songhai
Great Zimbabwe
Mali's wealth came from gold and the trans-Saharan trade. Ghana came before Mali and Songhai after it; Great Zimbabwe was in southern Africa.
The Ottoman capture of Constantinople in 1453:
Ended the Byzantine Empire
Ended the Crusades by returning Jerusalem to Christian rule
Began the Protestant Reformation
Ended the Mughal Empire
Mehmed II took the Byzantine capital, renamed Istanbul, and it became the Ottoman capital. The Reformation began in 1517, and the Mughals ruled India until the 1800s.
The early 15th-century voyages of Zheng He are significant because:
They led to Chinese colonies in East Africa
They showed Ming naval power across the Indian Ocean before China ended them
They were the first voyages to reach the Americas
They opened Japan to Chinese trade
The Ming treasure fleets reached East Africa and collected tribute, but the court halted them in the 1430s and did not build colonies.
What was the Middle Passage?
The overland caravan route across the Sahara
The sea route from Europe around Africa to India
The forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas
The trade route between Spain and the Philippines
It was the brutal middle leg of the 'triangular trade,' in which millions died. The Spain-Philippines link was the Manila galleon trade across the Pacific.
Which factor caused the greatest population loss among Indigenous peoples of the Americas after 1492?
Epidemic diseases such as smallpox
Wars between Spain and Portugal
Famine caused by the Little Ice Age
Forced migration to Europe
Indigenous peoples had no immunity to Old World diseases. Warfare and forced labor added to the toll, but disease was the leading cause.
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain?
Britain had the largest population in Europe
Britain banned slavery earlier than other nations
Britain had no guilds or private property
Britain had coal and iron, capital, colonial markets, and an agricultural revolution that freed up labor
A mix of natural resources, investment capital, markets, a stable government and surplus labor explains Britain's lead. France and Russia had larger populations.
The Treaty of Nanjing (1842), which ended the First Opium War, required China to:
Ban the opium trade throughout the empire
Cede Hong Kong to Britain and open treaty ports to trade
Recognize Japanese control of Korea
Accept a Western-style constitution
It was the first 'unequal treaty' imposed on Qing China. Japanese control of Korea came after the Sino-Japanese War (1895).
After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, Japan:
Closed itself off from all foreign contact
Was colonized by Britain
Rapidly industrialized and modernized along Western lines
Returned power to the Tokugawa shogunate
The Meiji government built railways, factories and a modern army. Closing Japan off (sakoku) was Tokugawa policy, which the Meiji era ended.
What made the Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) unique?
It was the only successful slave revolt to create an independent nation
It was led by French aristocrats
It restored Spanish rule over the island
It was the first revolution in the Americas
Led by figures such as Toussaint Louverture, enslaved people defeated French forces and founded Haiti. The American Revolution came first, in the 1770s.
The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885:
Ended the slave trade in the Atlantic
Set rules for European powers to claim and divide Africa
Created the German Empire
Divided Germany after World War II
No Africans were invited; the conference accelerated the 'Scramble for Africa.' The German Empire was founded in 1871.
What was the main result of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (the Sepoy Mutiny)?
India became independent
The Mughal Empire was restored to full power
India was divided into India and Pakistan
The British government took direct control of India from the East India Company
In 1858 the British Crown began direct rule (the Raj) and formally ended the Mughal dynasty. Independence and partition came in 1947.
Mohandas Gandhi's strategy for Indian independence centered on:
Armed guerrilla warfare
An alliance with Japan during World War II
Nonviolent civil disobedience (satyagraha), such as the Salt March
Negotiating membership in the British Parliament
Mass nonviolent resistance, boycotts and the 1930 Salt March pressured Britain. India gained independence in 1947.
The Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917 was led by:
Joseph Stalin
Vladimir Lenin
Leon Trotsky
Alexander Kerensky
Lenin's Bolsheviks overthrew Kerensky's Provisional Government. Trotsky was a key organizer, and Stalin rose to power after Lenin's death in 1924.
In 1949, which leader founded the People's Republic of China?
Chiang Kai-shek
Sun Yat-sen
Mao Zedong
Deng Xiaoping
Mao's Communists won the civil war, and Chiang's Nationalists retreated to Taiwan. Deng led China's market reforms starting in 1978.
In 1957, which country became the first in sub-Saharan Africa to win independence from colonial rule, led by Kwame Nkrumah?
Kenya
Nigeria
South Africa
Ghana
Ghana, formerly the Gold Coast, inspired independence movements across the continent. Nigeria followed in 1960 and Kenya in 1963.
