APUSH: 20th-Century America

Progressive Era journalists who exposed corruption and social problems, such as Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell and Jacob Riis.

The Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act

Both were Progressive Era reforms.

Prohibition was repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933.

Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Telegram (a German offer to help Mexico regain land from the US).

The Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, worried that the League would draw the US into foreign wars.

Fear of communists and radicals after the Russian Revolution, leading to the Palmer Raids that arrested and deported suspected radicals.

The trial of a Tennessee teacher for teaching evolution, a clash between modernism and religious fundamentalism.

The Harlem Renaissance

The Teapot Dome scandal

Causes also included overproduction, easy credit and bank failures.

Relief, Recovery and Reform

Old-age pensions, unemployment insurance and aid for dependent children and people with disabilities.

Severe drought and dust storms on the southern Great Plains in the 1930s, worsened by overplowing. Many farm families (“Okies”) migrated to California.

Let the US lend or lease war supplies to Britain and other Allies before the US entered World War II.

Authorized the forced removal and internment of about 120,000 Japanese Americans. The Supreme Court upheld it in Korematsu v. United States (1944).

Money for college or job training, plus low-interest home and business loans, which helped build the postwar middle class.

The US pledge to support free peoples resisting communism, starting with aid to Greece and Turkey: the start of containment.

Joseph McCarthy (McCarthyism)

Funded the Interstate Highway System under Eisenhower, boosting suburbs and car culture.

It created NASA (1958) and passed the National Defense Education Act to fund science and math education.

A year-long boycott sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest and led by Martin Luther King Jr. It ended when the Supreme Court ruled bus segregation unconstitutional.

Discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin in public accommodations and employment.

Banned literacy tests and put federal oversight on voter registration in places with a history of discrimination.

Medicare (for older Americans) and Medicaid (for low-income Americans)

A congressional resolution that gave President Johnson broad power to use military force in Vietnam without a declaration of war.

Although a military defeat for North Vietnam, it shocked Americans and turned public opinion against the war.

Richard Nixon resigned in August 1974, the only US president to do so.

Reaganomics